• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device (1, 1 ') for extruding thermoplastic material, comprising an extruder housing (2) in which a screw (3) driven by a drive device is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis (5), the screw (3) comprising at least one sealing section (7) which divides the extruder housing axially into an upstream chamber (8) and a downstream chamber (9), a transfer passage (11, 11 ') leading from the upstream chamber (8) to the downstream chamber (9) and into this opens, wherein at least one gas outlet opening (16) is provided, which is arranged in the downstream chamber (9), wherein the gas outlet opening (16) in the conveying direction of the screw in the downstream chamber (9) in front of the mouth (25,25 ', 25 ") of the transfer channel (11,11 ') is arranged.
    公开号:AT511208A4
    申请号:T1097/2011
    申请日:2011-07-27
    公开日:2012-10-15
    发明作者:Johann Ing Brandstaetter；Christian Lovranich；Andreas Pechhacker
    申请人:Starlinger & Co Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1
    St 14961 • I Μ ♦ * · Μ Μ Μ 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19. Device for fertrudieran of thormoplaotioehem Kunstatoffgirtj
    The invention relates to an apparatus for extruding thermoplastic plastics material having an extruder housing in which a screw driven by a drive device is rotatably supported about its longitudinal axis, the screw having at least one sealing section which axially divides the extruder housing into an upstream chamber and a downstream chamber wherein a transfer passage leads from and leads to the downstream chamber to the downstream chamber, at least one gas exhaust port being provided in the downstream chamber.
    Such devices are known for example from WO 93/04841 Al. The thermoplastic material to be processed is in this case granulated, melted and then extruded, wherein an extruder housing, in which an extruder screw driven by a drive device is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis, is provided. The extruder housing is provided with an example provided with a funnel feed opening for the plastic material to be plasticized and a spaced therefrom outlet opening for the plastic melt. During plasticizing, gases regularly occur in the plasticized plastic. These can be caused by impurities, gas deposits, moisture or thermal decomposition and are generally undesirable because they adversely affect the quality of the plastic. To overcome this problem, it is provided in the device according to WO 93/04841 Al that the extruder housing is divided by a sealing portion into two areas, namely an upstream chamber and a downstream chamber. Both are connected via a transfer channel. A gas extraction opening for the escape of gases is provided in the downstream portion of the screw. In this way, gases can be removed from the plastic melt and a purer plastic product can be produced.
    In DE 2 258 903 Gasabzugsöffiiungen are provided in the downstream chamber within the screw. Also in the US 3,360,824 a gas extraction opening is provided, but this is in the actual transfer channel.
    A disadvantage of the above-mentioned devices is the fact that too high a back pressure at the extruder exit (eg with clogged filters) or when using 2 × 10 × 10 × 10 sticky material Backlog of the extruded material occurs up to and through the Gasabzugsöffhungen and thus the material swells out of the gas outlet openings.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to reduce the degree of degassing of the melt with little design effort during the entire operation of the device, i. on the one hand over a longer period of time, on the other hand at a restart of the device to improve.
    The object is achieved by an apparatus for extruding thermoplastic Kunststofifgut with an extruder housing in which a driven by a drive device screw is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis, wherein the screw has at least one sealing portion, the extruder housing axially into an upstream chamber and a downstream Chamber divides, wherein a transfer channel from the downstream chamber to the upstream chamber and leads into it, wherein at least one Gasabzugsöffnung is provided, which is arranged in the downstream chamber, which is characterized in that the gas discharge opening in the conveying direction of the screw in the downstream Chamber is arranged in front of the mouth of the transfer channel.
    As a result of this measure, the material flow of the plasticized plastic is guided past the gas outlet opening so that it can no longer reach the gas outlet opening. The invention is based on the recognition that the gas in the downstream chamber upstream flow to the gas exhaust port and can escape directly through the Gasabzugsöfinung. The Gasabzugsöffhung is preferably housed directly in the extruder housing.
    Optionally, it can be provided that the screw has a screw thread, wherein the mouth of the transfer channel is arranged in the downstream chamber at least by a thread from the gas exhaust opening. On the one hand, this measure minimizes the backflow (upstream) of plasticized plastic and thus further reduces the risk of clogging; on the other hand, the gas space present in the region of the gas outlet opening is sealed against the material flow of plasticized plastic. 3 «* Ft * ftft · · ·· ft ··
    In a preferred embodiment, it may be provided that the sealing portion has a sealing thread, which is opposite to the screw thread to better seal the upstream chamber of the downstream chamber against material flows.
    In addition thereto or alternatively, it can be provided that the sealing section has at least one cylindrical section with at least two annular projections, which lie in a form-fitting manner on the inside of the extruder housing. This seal on the type of piston rings separates the two chambers clean from each other. In addition, plastic material penetrated at most in the sealing section enhances the sealing effect.
    In an embodiment variant of the invention it can be provided that a perforated plate with a plurality of through-holes is arranged in the transfer channel. It can preferably be provided that the perforated plate through which the melt is extruded, seen in a conveying direction of the melt, is arranged at the downstream end of the transfer channel so that a surface of the perforated plate facing the screw is substantially flush with an inner wall of the extruder housing.
    By this measure, it is achieved that the material entering through the perforated plate into the chamber in the form of many individual strands is uncannelled by the screw turns of the screw before it can agglomerate into larger lumps, which entails a reduction of the material surface, such as It occurs in the prior art and there is the reason for the reduced degassing performance. The perforated plate, however, a large number of individual strands of material is combed into short pieces, with the shear surfaces on Kunststoffmateria! increase the surface again, whereby a high degassing of the melt is achieved. As an additional advantageous effect, the pieces of plastic melt are removed immediately after degassing from the region of the degassing, so that no renewed contamination occurs with already escaped from the material, but not yet withdrawn from the degassing gas.
    Advantageously, the perforated plate has a concavely curved surface whose curvature coincides with the inner curvature of the extruder housing and largely with the outer curvature of the extruder housing. FIG. · Φ * · · · # φ · φ · · · · ρ ρ · · ·· Φ
    Snail is compliant, so that a reduction of the material by the screw by means of positive locking is made possible.
    In one embodiment, it may be provided that the mouth of the transfer channel opens into the downstream chamber at an angle of between 10 ° and 80 °, preferably between 30 ° and 60 °, relative to the longitudinal axis of the screw.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the worm has a first section, which - seen in the conveying direction of the worm - is subsequently formed on the sealing section, and a second section, which - viewed in the conveying direction of the worm - connects to the first section, wherein the Snail turns of the screw are cut deeper in the first section than in the second section. In this way, the desired pressure build-up can take place.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the screw in the downstream chamber has on its surface at least partially an adhesion-reducing coating. This not only minimizes the risk of blockage of the screw, but also provides protection against the corrosive effect of the flow of plasticized plastic material. Preferably, at least the region between the gas outlet opening and the mouth of the transfer channel is provided with an adhesion-reducing coating.
    The invention can be realized in different ways. In one embodiment variant, the transfer channel can be arranged at least in sections on the extruder housing. One possibility would then be that the transfer channel is arranged in sections - in the axial direction - outside the storage area of the screw, preferably as a bypass.
    In another embodiment variant, the crossing channel can extend at least in sections inside the worm. The transfer channel runs in Schneckenkem and the mouths of the channel are ideally located on the surface of the Schneckenkems.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the screw in the region of the entry into the downstream chamber from the transfer channel for the plastic material as a mixing element J ·· * · «· * ··· · · ··· t · ·« t · · · ft · ······················································································. The mixing device comprises e.g. in an axial section of the screw a larger number of screw turns and possibly a steeper thread pitch. Essential is a conveying effect of the mixing element in the direction of the extruder outlet.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred exemplary embodiment in the figures. Show it:
    Fig. 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a preferred
    Exemplary embodiment of an inventive device for extruding thermoplastic material,
    2 shows an enlarged detail of the Ausführungsungsbeispiei of FIG. 1 in a slightly modified form,
    Fig. 3 shows an enlarged detail of the AusfÜhrungsbeispiel of FIG. 1 in a slightly modified form, and
    Fig. 4 is a schematic longitudinal section view of another preferred embodiment of a erfmdungsgemäß formed device for extruding thermoplastic KunststofFgut.
    In devices for the extrusion of thermoplastic material often the problem arises that on the one hand in the plastic impurities are to be removed, but on the other hand also in the plasticization in the melt released gases, e.g. Water vapor must be removed, which, for. The result of this is that printing inks applied to the plastic waste release gaseous constituents at a certain temperature or even pass completely into the gaseous state. For the removal of such gases is usually provided by the prior art Gasabzugsöffhung through which the unwanted gases are withdrawn. The cleaned and degassed plastic material is then sent for further processing.
    An exemplary embodiment of a device 1 designed according to the invention for extruding thermoplastic plastic material, for example for the recycling process of plastics, will be described in more detail below, reference being firstly made to FIG. 1, with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. Is taken, which shows the inventively constructed device 1 in a schematic view in longitudinal section. Since the remaining figures use the same reference numerals, it is disregarded to explain each component again in each figure.
    1 has an extruder housing 2 in which a screw 3 driven by a drive device, not shown, is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis 5. Via a feed opening 31 in a feed section 30 of the device 1, the plastic material K to be plasticized is fed to the screw 3. In the illustration according to FIG. 1, the feed section 30 and the feed opening 31 are arranged on the left side of the device 1. The plasticization takes place in a subsequent to the loading section 30 plastification section 22 of the device 1 (the end of the left edge of Fig. 1 can be seen) by increasing the pressure and the temperature of the plastic material instead. The melt resulting from the plasticization then enters a degassing section 23 described in more detail below. In the degassing section 23, the screw 3 has a sealing section 7 which divides the plasticizing space of the plastics material into two sections, namely an upstream chamber 8 and a downstream chamber 9. A transfer channel 11 connects the upstream chamber 8 to the downstream chamber 9. Plasticized plastic material is conveyed by the screw 3 along the upstream chamber 8 to the opening 24 in the extruder housing 2, then passed through the opening 24 in the transfer passage 11 and through the transfer passage 11 on the sealing portion 7, in the manner of a bypass. About the mouth 25, the plasticized plastic material enters the downstream chamber 9 at the end of the transfer channel 11 and is further promoted there by the screw 3
    The sealing portion 7 has a sealing thread 7 ', which is the worm thread 4 of the screw 3 in opposite directions. Due to the opposing plastic material reaching at most in the sealing section 7 is again conveyed back into the upstream chamber 8. The opposite sealing thread 7 'has a smaller pitch than the extruder screw 3. Also, the core diameter y in the region of the sealing thread 7 'is greater than the core diameter x of the screw 3. The sealing of the upstream chamber against the downstream chamber 9 is improved by these two measures. 7 ···· 4 «# ··· I« «· · · · · ·
    • * * «« · · · »» * * * f * * * aa «
    In the downstream chamber 9, a gas exhaust port 16 is also provided. Gas exiting from the plasticized plastic can thus reach the gas discharge opening 16 in the downstream chamber 9, on the one hand by the clearance between the screw flights and on the other hand by the narrow gap between the outer edge of the screw flights 4 and the inner surface of the extruder housing 2. An the gas discharge opening 16 is located at the negative pressure, which is generated for example by a (not shown) pumping device, and which causes a gas flow to the gas discharge opening 16.
    According to the invention, the mouth 25 of the transfer channel 11 is readjusted in the conveying direction of the gas discharge opening 16, i. The gas outlet opening 16 is located in front of the mouth 25 of the transfer channel 11 in the downstream chamber 9. The screw 3 in the downstream chamber 9 requests the plasticized plastic material entering via the transfer channel 11 to the outlet opening 29 from the extruder housing 2. The mouth 25 of the transfer channel 11 into the downstream chamber 9 is arranged by a distance d, which has a length which corresponds to at least one thread 4 'of the screw 3, away from the gas discharge opening 16. Allfallig back-flowing plastic material can not get back to the gas exhaust opening 16 so. The mouth 25 of the transfer channel 11 is preferably at an angle a different from 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis 5, e.g. between 10 ° and 80 °, preferably inclined from 30 ° to 60 °. Here, the inclination α = 45 °.
    2 shows a detail of FIG. 1 in the region of the degassing stage 23, but with a deviation in the region of the mouth 25 of the transfer channel 11 in the downstream chamber 9. Instead of a single orifice channel in the downstream chamber 9, a perforated plate 13 is provided that divides the mouth 25 into numerous mouth channels 25 '. As a result, the surface of the plasticized plastic material is additionally increased, so that more gas can escape. This is also sucked in the downstream chamber 9 through the gas exhaust opening 16.
    FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1. Instead of the perforated plate 13 according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2, the mouth 25 is designed analogously to FIG. However, the screw 3 in the region of the orifice 25 is designed as a mixing element 3 ', which has a larger number of screw turns 4 "in an axial section of the screw than the screw 3 in the remaining sections 8. * · · ♦ · · ♦
    Schneckenwindungen 4 has, wherein the screw turns 4 "in the mixing element 3 'also have a steeper thread pitch than the screw turns 4. It is essential a conveying effect of the mixing element 3' in the direction of the extruder outlet. By the mixing member 3 ', the same effect as with the perforated plate 13 is achieved.
    The embodiment variant 1 * of the device shown in Fig. 4 differs from the embodiment 1 of FIG. 1 mainly in that the transfer channel 11 * is not arranged on the extruder housing 2 and bypasses as bypass, but that the transfer channel 1Γ in the interior of the screw 3 of the upstream chamber 8 leads to the downstream chamber 9. In this case, two openings 24,24 * in the crossing channel 11 which runs along the longitudinal axis 5, to the two orifices 25 ", 25" in the downstream chamber 9. The mouths 25 ", 25" are also at a distance d, which has a length which corresponds to at least one thread 4 *, disposed away from the gas discharge opening 16.
    In all embodiments, the screw 3 in the downstream chamber 9 has a first portion 14, which, viewed in the conveying direction of the screw 3 connects to the sealing portion 7, and a second portion 15, which adjoins the first portion 14, wherein the screw turns of the screw 3 are cut deeper in the first portion 14 than in the second portion 15. In the examples shown, the second portion 15 is formed so that the incision in the conveying direction is steadily smaller. At this second section 15 includes a third section 17 with a constant incision depth. Also, the first portion 14 has a constant incision depth, which, however, is substantially deeper than that of the third portion 17th
    Finally, the screw 3 may still have an adhesion-reducing coating (e.g., chromium nitride, chromium, nickel), particularly in the downstream chamber 9. This coating is particularly advantageous in that thread of the screw 3, in which the mouth 25 ", 25" is provided. Of course, it can also extend to the outlet opening 29.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    St 14961 9 ............... »··· ♦ # ···· ·« ··· ··· · • ♦ · ♦ · · · ♦ * «· · · 1. A device (1, Γ) for extruding thermoplastic material, comprising an extruder housing (2) in which a screw (3) driven by a drive device is mounted around its The worm (3) has at least one sealing section (7) which divides the extruder housing (2) axially into an upstream chamber (8) and a downstream chamber (9), wherein a transfer channel (11 , 1Γ) from the upstream chamber (8) to the downstream chamber (9) and leads into it, wherein at least one GasabzugsöfTnung (16) is provided, which is arranged in the downstream chamber (9), characterized in that the gas outlet opening ( 16) in the conveying direction of the screw (3) in the downstream chamber (9) in front of the mouth (25,25 ', 25 ") d it is arranged crossing channel (11,11 ').
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the worm (3) has a worm thread (4), wherein the mouth (25, 25 *, 25 ") of the transfer channel (11, 1Γ) in the downstream chamber (9) at least by a distance (d) having a length which corresponds to at least one thread (4 '), is arranged away from the gas discharge opening (16).
    [3]
    3. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the transfer channel (11) is arranged at least in sections on the extruder housing (2).
    [4]
    4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the transfer channel (11) in sections in the axial direction (a) in or outside of the extruder housing (2), preferably as a bypass, is arranged.
    [5]
    5. Apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the transfer channel (1Γ) at least partially in the interior of the screw (3).
    [6]
    6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sealing portion (7) has a sealing thread (7 *), which is the worm thread (4) in opposite directions. 10 ♦ ·······························································································
    [7]
    7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sealing portion (7) has at least one cylindrical portion with at least two annular projections which lie positively against the inside of the extruder housing (2).
    [8]
    8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the transfer channel (11) a perforated plate (13) having a plurality of orifices holes (25 ') is arranged.
    [9]
    9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the perforated plate (13) at the junction of the transfer passage (11) in the downstream chamber (9) is arranged so that one of the screw (3) facing surface (13 a) of the perforated plate ( 13) is substantially flush with an inner wall of the extruder housing (2).
    [10]
    10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the mouth (25,25 ") of the transfer channel at an angle between 10 ° and 80 °, preferably between 30 ° and 60 °, relative to the longitudinal axis (5) the screw (3), in the downstream chamber (9) opens.
    [11]
    11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the screw (3) has a first portion (14) - as seen in the conveying direction of the screw (3) - to sealing portion (7) is subsequently formed, and a second section (15), which - viewed in the conveying direction of the screw - connects to the first section (14), wherein the screw turns of the screw (3) are cut deeper in the first section (14) than in the second section (15) ,
    [12]
    12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the screw (3) in the downstream chamber (9) is provided at least partially with a hafhmgsvermindemden coating.
    [13]
    13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that at least the area between Gasabzugsöffiiung (16) and the mouth (25,25 ") of the transfer channel (l 1) is provided with a hafhmgsvermindemden coating. 11 11 • · # • # • + ············································ I ·····
    [14]
    14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the screw (3) in the region of the mouth (25) for the plastic material as a mixing element (3 ') is executed.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2013013916A1|2013-01-31|
    AT511208B1|2012-10-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    AT400315B|1994-03-01|1995-12-27|Bacher Helmut|Device for degassing a thermoplastic polymer|WO2017208193A1|2016-06-03|2017-12-07|Nexxus Channel S.R.L.|Screw for polymeric material extruder and polymeric material extruder comprising said screw|BE506118A|1950-11-01|1900-01-01|
    DE1529811B2|1965-06-03|1972-06-08|Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5600 Wuppertal|SCREW EXTRUSION PRESS FOR THERMOPLASTIC PLASTICS|
    GB1219946A|1968-08-14|1971-01-20|Ici Ltd|Extrusion process and apparatus|
    DD97599A1|1972-01-11|1973-05-14|
    ES2086760T3|1991-08-29|1996-07-01|Helmut Bacher|DEVICE FOR EXTRACTING THERMOPLASTIC MATERIAL.|
    US5306452A|1993-03-23|1994-04-26|Apv Chemical Machinery Inc.|Devolatilizing and/or processing systems and methods|
    US7041780B2|2003-08-26|2006-05-09|General Electric|Methods of preparing a polymeric material composite|
    DE102010047482A1|2010-10-06|2012-04-12|Diamat Maschinenbau Gmbh|Extruding|AT516905B1|2015-03-04|2017-05-15|Helmuth Schulz|Device for degassing thermoplastic material|
    DE202016105490U1|2016-10-04|2016-11-07|Helmuth Schulz|Device for degassing thermoplastic material|
    EP3453514A1|2017-09-12|2019-03-13|Next Generation Analytics GmbH|Method and device for filtering and degassing a polymeric melt|
    EP3650196A1|2018-11-07|2020-05-13|Giuseppe De Maria|Apparatus and method for manufacturing articles made of recycled rubber|
    法律状态:
    2013-03-15| MA04| Withdrawal (renunciation)|Effective date: 20130201 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA1097/2011A|AT511208B1|2011-07-27|2011-07-27|DEVICE FOR EXTRUDING THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC GOODS|ATA1097/2011A| AT511208B1|2011-07-27|2011-07-27|DEVICE FOR EXTRUDING THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC GOODS|
    PCT/EP2012/062359| WO2013013916A1|2011-07-27|2012-06-26|Device for degassing thermoplastic extrudate|
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